Comparative study on NiAl and FeAl intermetallic-bonded diamond tools and grinding performance for Si3N4 ceramic

Metal-bonded diamond tools are widely used for machining hard and brittle materials such as ceramic and stone. The metal bonds are normally based on alloys composed of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Sn, Zn, or Cr. However, high heavy metal concentrations are hazardous to the environment and tool operators. Furthermore, the high density of these metal bonds results in excessively heavy tools, requiring high energy and intensive labor during operation. Therefore, we propose two environmentally friendly and lightweight metal bonds based on NiAl and FeAl intermetallics for diamond tools by reactive hot-press sintering. The effect of sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of NiAl and FeAl was examined and the tribological behavior of NiAl and FeAl on Si₃N₄ ceramic balls was investigated. Grinding performance of the sintered diamond tools on Si₃N₄ ceramic was also compared. Our results reveal that B2-ordered NiAl and FeAl are obtained at sintering temperatures in the range of 700–1100 °C. The relative density of sintered NiAl is higher than that of FeAl, while the Vickers hardness and flexural strength of NiAl are lower than that of FeAl. Compared with FeAl, NiAl demonstrates higher wear resistance in a friction test against Si₃N₄ ceramic, while FeAl-bonded diamond tools demonstrate a higher grinding ratio than NiAl-bonded diamond tools due to enhanced self-sharpening ability. Nevertheless, diamond tools based on both NiAl and FeAl can be used to grind Si₃N₄ ceramics.     

一种精确测量ASTM标准圆形拉伸试样锥度的方法

介绍了ASTM标准中圆形拉伸试样主要部位的尺寸与要求。采用国产万能工具显微镜-投影法对试样在平行长度部位的锥度进行了测量。该方法简便易行,结果准确可靠,满足了标准要求,同时发挥了老设备的作用,保证了试样的加工精度。     

结构胶胶接接头耐久性的研究进展

结构胶是胶黏剂中具有高强度、耐高温、高耐久特性的一类胶黏剂的总称,主要用于部件中承受载荷的胶接连接。胶接接头的耐久性能是结构胶应用中的一个重要指标。主要从影响胶接接头耐久性的内在因素和外在因素以及实验室研究方法对结构胶胶接接头耐久性的研究进展进行综述。     

Evaluation of FRP/wood adhesively bonded epoxy joints on environmental exposures

This article describes the evaluation of the durability of joints composed of wood adherends with a bonded layer of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) fabric. Carbon and glass fibres in an epoxy matrix were studied. The main purpose of FRP usage with timber in the construction industry is generally to improve the stiffness/strength of reinforced members without any influence on their service-life or any environmental impact. From the perspective of the timber reinforcement process, optimal dimensional stability during moisture changes in wood should be one of the most important criteria for such joints. Therefore, FRP/wood joints were evaluated with regard to the influence of real external environmental conditions on the bondline over a period of 40?months. During exposure to these conditions, specimen failures and defects were continuously visually evaluated. The decisive factor in this evaluation was bond integrity, verified by the tensile shear strength of the FRP/wood joint. After the experimental study, it was noted that the first 20?months have a significant effect on bondline failure occurrences, which involve decreases in tensile shear strength. In the next 20?months, the FRP/wood bondlines resist other severe hygrothermal stresses without significant strength decreases. An additional observed parameter was the percentage of wood failure in the bonded area of single lap joints, which characterises the mode of failure of the bonded joint. To determine the influence of ageing on adhesive due to ultraviolet radiation and varying temperature, infrared absorption spectroscopy analysis was performed to reveal changes in the macromolecular structure of the epoxy adhesive. Findings showed that UV radiation had a significant influence on the degradation of the adhesive structure.     

水井套损部位可洗井封堵工具的研制

目前油田套损注水井使用常规小直封隔器无法实现反洗井、使用可洗井封隔器反洗井时不能有效封堵套损点,为此研制了注水井套损部位可洗井封堵工具,实现可反洗井和对套损点的有效封堵。该封堵工具在注水井套损补贴管处使用上、下两个可洗井封堵工具,采用大、小两组胶筒的结构设计,内设洗井通道,反洗井时能够保证对套损点的有效封堵。     

基于微观分析的GFRP浸水老化弯曲性能研究

本文开展了玻璃纤维增强复合材料(GFRP)在去离子水和Na Cl溶液中常温浸泡前后的质量、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、腐蚀深度变化的研究,并基于微观分析研究了GFRP片材在去离子水和Na Cl溶液中浸泡后的弯曲性能。研究结果表明,GFRP置于不同的溶液中,吸水率均呈现先上升后趋于平稳的趋势;GFRP在去离子水环境中的吸水率约为在Na Cl溶液中的2倍;GFRP置于去离子水和Na Cl溶液中120d后,片材的弯曲强度和模量均发生先上升后下降的变化;相同浸泡时间下,片材在去离子水中的腐蚀深度大于在Na Cl溶液中的腐蚀深度。     

再制造双圆弧齿轮单齿切削机床设计

目前抽油机减速器双圆弧齿轮使用一段时间后会出现单个齿破损或多个齿间隔破损的情况,现有的修复方法效率低。针对这种情况,提出设计一种对修复后的再制造双圆弧齿轮进行再加工的切削机床,验证再制造双圆弧齿轮单齿加工的可行性。结合再制造双圆弧齿轮单齿展成加工理论,对单齿加工机床的刀具运动部件、齿向螺旋进给部件、齿形展成进给部件以及工件运动部件进行设计,最终得到满足加工要求的再制造双圆弧齿轮单齿切削机床。分析再制造双圆弧齿轮单齿加工的误差后,提出一种减小再制造双圆弧齿轮轴向齿距误差的方法。     

基于飞秒激光和自组装技术提高树脂涂层疏水性的工艺

目的 针对超疏水涂料功能持久性差的问题,提出一种将飞秒激光加工技术与微球近场效应原理相结合在氟化有机硅树脂表面制备微纳米仿生结构的解决方案。方法 模仿蝴蝶翅膀鳞片微结构特征,以平滑的氟化有机硅树脂表面为基体,采用纳米自组装技术在其表面生长一层二氧化硅微球薄膜,然后设置飞秒激光器的参数,利用激光脉冲能量加工单层二氧化硅微球薄膜,二氧化硅微球颗粒对激光能量有进一步的聚焦加强作用,可以加工微纳米尺寸的结构。重点研究激光功率和扫描速度等参量对氟硅树脂图案形貌及疏水性的影响,并对比分析超疏水涂料和仿生微纳米表面的疏水功能持久性。结果 激光扫描速度和功率参量对仿生表面疏水性能的影响较大,在激光功率为9 mW、扫描速度为10 mm/s、加工间距为10μm时可以获得最佳疏水性能,其接触角达到150°以上,通过常用的摩擦磨损测试实验,对比分析实验结果发现,氟硅树脂层经历200～1000次摩擦后,其接触角（CA）的下降幅度低于传统涂料组,说明具有仿生纳米坑结构的表面的耐磨性更强。结论 利用飞秒激光加工的纳米微孔阵列结构可以明显提高氟硅树脂的疏水特性,并具有优异的持久性。     

纤维增强复合材料及其结构研究进展

纤维增强复合材料因其轻质高强、可设计性和高耐久性在基础设施领域逐步得到关注与应用,通过结构体系创新,可部分替代钢和混凝土制造各类结构构件,满足建筑、桥梁、海洋等工程结构的强度、刚度及使用功能需求。国内外有关学者已进行了大量的研究和实践,基于相关成果从以下四个方面系统总结了国内外关于纤维增强复合材料结构的研究进展： 1） 组成材料及制造工艺方面,介绍了增强材料纤维、树脂基体和芯材的种类和性能,并阐述了几种典型制造工艺; 2） 基本构件与结构应用方面,归纳总结了复合材料筋索、型材、管材、板材以及夹芯结构的受力特点及在土木工程中的主要应用; 3） 复合材料结构力学理论方面,详细介绍了其基本力学性能以及冲击、疲劳、蠕变、耐火等性能,并阐述了监测与设计方法; 4） 复合材料结构耐久性方面,总结了温度、湿度、紫外线照射、化学介质（酸、碱、盐等）的侵蚀以及多因素耦合作用对其耐久性的影响,并归纳了耐久性提升技术研究现状。通过对基础设施领域复合材料结构的发展现状、应用的局限性以及前景的系统综述,促进复合材料结构的研究与工程应用。